What are the two types of NBC hazards?

The identification of immediate and residual hazards is key in understanding the impact of nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) threats. Immediate hazards refer to the immediate effects experienced from an NBC event, such as acute health impacts or immediate danger to life and health posed by exposure to these agents. These can include symptoms that manifest right after exposure, leading to rapid health declines.

In contrast, residual hazards encompass the longer-term effects that persist after the immediate threat has subsided. For instance, chemical agents may leave harmful residues in the environment that can affect individuals well after the initial exposure, potentially leading to chronic health concerns or environmental contamination.

Recognizing both types of hazards is crucial for planning and response measures, as immediate hazards require prompt actions to mitigate acute effects, while addressing residual hazards is essential for long-term safety and recovery efforts. Understanding this distinction helps military personnel and first responders to prepare and respond appropriately to NBC incidents.