What is a biological agent?

A biological agent refers specifically to a microorganism, which can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other pathogens, that has the capacity to cause disease in living organisms, particularly humans. This concept is central to understanding bioweapons and biosecurity. Biological agents can be intentionally released to cause illness among a population, making them particularly concerning in the context of warfare and terrorism. The focus on microorganisms highlights their ability to reproduce and spread, potentially leading to outbreaks or epidemics, which can have significant public health implications. Thus, recognizing what constitutes a biological agent is crucial for preparedness and response strategies in various fields, including military operations and public health.