What is the main goal of biological warfare?

The main goal of biological warfare is to cause death and disease among enemy populations. This method leverages microorganisms, toxins, or other biological agents to incapacitate or eliminate adversaries. Unlike conventional warfare, which often focuses on physical destruction or territorial gains, biological warfare specifically aims to undermine the enemy's capacity to fight by attacking their health, morale, and resources. By spreading pathogens, a military force can create widespread illness, leading to significant casualties and a breakdown in the enemy's ability to respond effectively.

The other options, while relevant to the broader context of military strategy, do not capture the essence of biological warfare. For instance, destroying enemy infrastructure or disrupting supply lines pertains to conventional military tactics focused on physical or logistical damage rather than targeting population health directly. Similarly, while capturing territory is a strategic military objective, it does not specifically reflect the lethal intent and biological mechanisms associated with biological warfare. Thus, causing death and disease accurately encapsulates the primary goal of this form of warfare.